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Benötigt die Gerichtsöffentlichkeit im Medienzeitalter eine Revision?

Laut einem Beschluss der Justizministerkonferenz sollen Urteilsverkündungen von allen Bundesgerichten bald öffentlich übertragen werden dürfen. Bislang steht dem § 169 S. 2 GVG entgegen.

Wie weit die Öffentlichkeit von Gerichtsverfahren gehen darf, wird seit langer Zeit gestritten. Ob im Medienzeitalter die bisherige restriktive Regelung noch zeitgemäß ist, war Thema eines Aufsatzwettbewerbes im Jahr 2013, an dem ich mich mit einem Beitrag beteiligt habe.

Mein Fazit:

[D]ie Frage, ob die Gerichtsöffentlichkeit im Medienzeitalter eine Revision benötigt [...] wird ausdrücklich bejaht. [...] Hierbei wird für eine behutsame Öffnung für audio-visuelle Übertragungen plädiert und sich für einen nach Verfahrensarten und –abschnitten differenzierenden Ansatz ausgesprochen. Dieser kann über verschiedene Wege implementiert werden. Für persönlichkeitsrechtsintensive Verfahrensarten bietet sich eine Orientierung an § 17a BVerfGG an. Bei Verfahrensarten, in denen Persönlichkeitsrechte oder schutzwürdige Interessen eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen, sprechen hingegen das Gewicht der Medien und das Informationsbedürfnis der Allgemeinheit dafür, eine weitgehende Öffnung im Regelfall zuzulassen. 

Dem Gericht sind Einschränkungsmöglichkeiten an die Hand zu geben, die eine abgestufte Handhabung nach den Umständen des Einzelfalles gestattet, um zu einem angemessenen Interessenausgleich zu gelangen. Das gegenwärtige Totalverbot ist hingegen zu starr und kategorisch. Die Gerichtsöffentlichkeit bedarf einer dringenden Anpassung an das 21. Jahrhundert. 

Wer Interesse hat, kann den Beitrag hier finden. Viel Spaß beim Lesen!

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